Peruvian-Ecuadorean disputed area
Beagle Islands (southern tip of South America)
Atacama Desert (Chile)
Altiplano (Bolivia)
South American rain forests
Central American rain forests
Falklands Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Hispaniola
Vieques (off Puerto Rico)
Straight of Magellan
Caribbean Sea
Gulf of Mexico
Gulf of California (a.k.a. Sea of Cortez)
Lake Titicaca
Lake Nicaragua
Panama Canal
Paran?? River
Orinoco River
Amazon River
R??o de la Plata
Sierra Madre
Sierra Maestra
Andes
Mt. Aconcagua
Baja Peninsula
Yucat??n Peninsula
Guajira Peninsula (Colombia/Venezuela)
Argentina
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guyana
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Venezuela
Capital cities of the above countries
Tijuana, Mexico
Ciudad Ju??rez, Mexico
Monterrey, Mexico
Guadalajara, Mexico
Veracruz, Mexico
Bluefields, Nicaragua
Cartegena, Colombia
Cal??, Colombia
Medell??n, Colombia
Maraca??bo, Venezuela
Guayaquil, Ecuador
Cuzco, Peru
C??rdoba, Argentina
Mendoza, Argentina
Mar del Plata, Argentina
S??o Paolo, Brazil
R??o de Janiero, Brazil
Salvador, Brazil
Manaus, Brazil
The exam will have two parts: an essay component and an ID component. Both will be weighed equally. The ID portion of the exam will be closed book and closed note. ID answers should be 1-2 paragraphs each, and should identify the ID item, place it in context, and explain its importance. (The exception is items from the map test, for which you should just identify the place on the map or place something on the blank map, as appropriate). The essay portion of the exam, which will be open-book and open-note, will include only ONE topic from the list of three, chosen at random. You must write the essay in class, but you may use any notes or other materials you bring with you. We recommend that you prepare detailed outlines of all three questions in advance.
Essay topics
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Considering revolutionary movements in Latin America (Colombia, Peru, El Salvador, Chile, etc.), as well as historical rebellions, address the following questions: Under what circumstances are revolutionary movements likely to emerge? What are the main similarities and differences between different movements, in terms of their goal, tactics, and bases of social support? From a moral perspective, which insurgencies do you think are more justified and which are less so?
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Gabriel García Márquez’s fictitious village Macondo is often described as a microcosm of Latin America. Which features does García Márquez portray accurately? Which does he exaggerate? Which does he downplay or ignore altogether?
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Next week you find yourself talking with an acquaintance who has recently returned from vacation in Mexico. He remarks (boorishly) on how poor the country seems in comparison to the United States, how incomplete the democratic transition seems, and how weak the rule of law is. The reason, he feels, is that Mexicans have a different attitude toward time, authority, and financial dealings. As he puts it: “They are always talking about mañana, and everyone is on the take.” What sort of an explanation is this for underdevelopment and authoritarianism in Mexico? Do you agree with this perspective? What other explanations might you offer for differences between Mexico and the United States?
ID items for final exam
20 IDs will be drawn at random from the list below:
Latin America as a Living Museum
The Conquest
Hernán Cortés
Aztecs
Machu Picchu
encomienda
latifunda
“obedezco pero no cumplo”
hacienda
mestizo
commodity cycles
monoculture economy
Macondo
Corporatism
Debt crisis
Clientelism
Cultural arguments for underdevelopment
Racist arguments for underdevelopment
Dependency Theory
Core
Periphery
Stages of dependency
MNC’s
Imperialism
Import substituting industrialization (ISI)
Neoliberal arguments for underdevelopment
Comparative advantage
Hyperinflation
Neoliberalism
Structural adjustment
Virgin of Guadalupe
Pentacostalism
Evangelical Protestantism
Assembly of God
Liberation theology
Movimento dos sem terra
Leonardo Boff
Camilo Torres
Ernesto Cardenal
Archbishop Oscar Romero
Vatican II
Medellin Conference of Bishops
Christian base communities (Comunidades eclesiales de base, CEBs)
“protestant ethic” argument
Exorcism
African spiritism
orixás
Candomblé
Santería
Umbanda
Kardac
Ché Guevara
foco movement (foquismo)
Marxist
Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path)
Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN)
FMLN
M-19
MIR
ELN
MRTA
Lori Berenson
Alberto Fujimori
Fernando Henrique Cardoso
Andrés Pastrana
César Gaviria
Pablo Escobar
The Extraditables
FARC
pasta base
Chaco region
Medellín Cartel
Cali Cartel
paramilitares
Arturo Alessandri
Eduardo Frei
Esteban Trueba
Pedro Tercero García
The House of Spirits
Barrabás (in The House of Spirits)
Clara Del Valle (in The House of Spirits)
Alba Trueba (in The House of Spirits)
Blanca Trueba (in The House of Spirits)
Pedro Segundo García (in The House of Spirits)
Tres Marías (in The House of Spirits)
Salvardor Allende
Unidad Popular/Popular Unity
Christian Democratic Party (of Chile)
Statute of guarantees
Carlos Pratts
September 19, 1973
Chilean junta
Rule of law
Bureaucratic authoritarianism
Augusto Pinochet
carabineros
DINA
CNI
caravan of death
comando conjunto
Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front
Chilean Plebiscite
Gustavo Leigh
Coalition for the “No”
Manuel Contreras
National Stadium in Santiago
degollados
General Sergio Arellano Stark
General René Schneider
Patria y Libertad
coup d’état
democratic consolidation
democratic transition
democracy
Radical Party in Chile
Battle of Chile
“nunca más”
Samuel Huntington’s “torturer problem”
Samuel Huntington’s “praetorian problem”
Barras bravas
military prerogatives
civilian control of the military
truth commissions
desaparecidos
Authoritarian enclaves
Josué (from Central Station)
Dona Dora (from Central Station)
Bom Jesús da Silva, Bahia (from Central Station)
The “misrule of law” (from Holston)
Jardím das Camelias
Machismo
Export-processing zones
Maquiladoras
NGOs
Comedores populares or ollas communes
“Color line”
Brazil as a “racial democracy”
Social construction of race